电动汽车（EVS）是全球脱碳努力的核心，如主要投资所示，OEM已经推出了阵容，以及客户在记录号中购买EVS的方式。欧洲联盟，加拿大，英国和加利福尼亚州的政府致力于在2030年或更快地淘汰化石燃料车辆的销售。在可持续运输方面有很多东西可以热情，但仍有一个主要的障碍阻碍了更绿的未来。因为即使EV技术以惊人的速度发展，EVS也比其燃烧发动机对应物更重。

最近的EV体重困境自然article, “Make electric vehicles lighter to maximize climate and safety benefits。“自1990年以来，汽车，运动型多用途车（SUV）和拾取卡车的质量增加，消费者对拾取卡车和SUV的需求处于历史新高。这些笨蛋型号充满了激增的重量问题。EV取代具有庞大电池的可燃，能量密集的石油发动机，并且在影响方案期间支持其需要的附加结构;例如，福特的新电动F-150闪电拾取比其气动前身更重700千克。

增加了重量的问题

Buy why worry about extra mass at all? The answer lies in the relationship between vehicle weight and safety. According to anOxford study,乘客被杀的可能性在一个collision with another vehicle increases 12% for every 500-kg difference between vehicles. Weight disparities between EVs and combustion-engine models could increase the chances of death in collisions.

Secondly, despite the fact that EVs eliminate carbon emissions, heavier vehicle weight still has a significant environmental impact. Heavier vehicles wear tires quicker and therefore require more materials and energy to build and propel them, which generates pollution elsewhere.

As if OEMs didn’t need another reason to prioritize lightweighting,governments are beginning to impose new taxes on heavy cars减少排放。2020年，法国的环保部长宣布，任何重量超过1,800公斤的汽车都会以每增加额外的公斤征税。

发现轻质的解决方案

结果，OEM正在转向计算机辅助工程（CAE）来实现他们的lightweighting目标。

EV电池的质量与其车辆的范围要求直接相关。为了满足消费者对电荷之间的范围的需求，电池的附加重量或多或少地固定在电流电池技术下的车辆设计师。这使身体结构，内部和电子推进系统留下了作为轻质的主要焦点区域。

For vehicle frames and battery support structures, technologies liketopology optimization帮助工程师开发具有最小质量和最大刚度的结构，同时考虑预期负载，可用的设计空间，材料和成本等设计参数。仿真驱动的设计也让公司探索替代材料类似于车辆组件的层压复合材料。工程师可以在物理原型设计阶段进入详细的材料属性并对车辆级性能的影响良好。

要查看内部和电子推进系统的汽车体重中的当前先驱，看起来不比2021 Altair Enlighten奖是一系列奖项，庆祝轻质和可持续性的进步。

In the Sustainable Product – Vehicle category, the battery-electric Ford Mustang Mach-E was given top honor for using 10 plant-based sustainable materials in production. The Mach-E features a soyfoam headliner, kenaf door bolsters, Miko synthetic suede, and coffee-chaff head and taillights that are 20% lighter and require 25% less energy to produce.

American Axle & Manufacturing won the Future of Lightweighting category with its electric drive unit (eDU) that’s 25% lighter than similar units on the market. Integrating the electric machine, gearbox, and inverter in a compact package, and eliminating the high voltage cables, the eDU also has a higher power-to-weight ratio than competitor products. Though the technology hasn’t yet been employed in commercial production platform, AAM’s eDU promises significant cost and mass savings in hybrid and battery-electric light- and medium-duty vehicles.

Research continues on battery technology to reduce weight per kilowatt-hour, yet vehicle manufacturers continue to find new and innovative lightweighting strategies. Though many challenges remain in the quest to reduce electric vehicle weight, simulation-driven design augmented by artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing (HPC) give engineers greater insight than ever. These technologies let designers create and assess innovative next generation architectures by using simulation to inform vehicle architecture, manufacturing processes, material selection, and platform strategies. If you’re interested in accelerating your e-mobility development and implementing simulation-driven lightweighting strategies, visit//www.s-emart.com/e-mobility/。